The FOI Center File Index begins by examining controls imposed by the government—including our own—at every level. The effect of privatization of government functions and subsequent restrictions on formerly public information, as well as economic and social controls—some by professional groups—complete the list.
The FOI Center organizes its materials heirarchically, under the major areas of interest that follow.
We’ve done some linking, and still have some to do, but we’ll be adding to this list as time progresses. If you note a correction or want to add some ideas for links, please contact us.
The Freedom of Information Center’s Historical File Index contains links to individual cases involving press freedoms, including landmark Supreme Court rulings.
1. INTERNATIONAL
1.A. ISSUES (DIALOGUE)
Censoring, 1957
–Book Censorship, 1957
FoI Movement, 1979
Foreign Ownership of Communications Media, 1966
Licensing, 1957
Literacy/Illiteracy, 1962
New World Information & Communication Order, 1976
Political Communication/ Propaganda/ Disinformation, 1950
Protection/Preservation of National Identity, 1966
Subsidies, 1969
Technology Effects, 1986
Transborder Data Flow, 1983
1.B. PRESS-GOVERNMENT RELATIONS
Press-Government Relations, 1961
–By Countries
1.C. MEDIA PROGRAMS & ENTERPRISES
Advertising, 1958
Book Programs, 1959
Broadcasting, 1959
European Union, 1989
Film, 1962
Magazine, 1962
Press Councils, 1959
Satellite Transmission, 1977
Third World News Programs/Agencies, 1975
Wire Services, 1976
2. GOVERNMENT INFORMATION POLICIES
2.A. CLASSIFICATION
Classification, 1971
Computer Security, 1984
Executive Orders, 1958
Federal Criminal Code, 1972
–Jencks Act, 1957
Information Security Oversight Office, 1982
Security Orders, Directives, Contracts, Loyalty Oaths, 1958
2.B. GUARANTEES/RESTRAINTS
Civil Liberties (Dialogue), 1957
–Bias Crimes, 1989
First Amendment (Advertising), 1976
–Tobacco Advertising, 1963
First Amendment (Broadcasting), 1958
–Deregulation, 1975
First Amendment (Cable), 1981
First Amendment (Dialogue), 1955
–Academic Freedom, 1959
–Politically Correct Speech, 1988
–Professional Speech, 1991
–Religious Freedom, 1959
—Student Press, 1957
–Student Rights, 1956
First Amendment (Electronic & Digital), 1975
Fourth Amendment (Dialogue), 1959
–Search Warrants Against the Media, 1971
–Wiretapping/Eavesdropping/Surreptitious Taping, 1957
Fifth Amendment (Dialogue), 1957
Fourteenth Amendment (Dialogue), 1959
2.C. INFORMATION SERVICES/PUBLICATIONS
Information Services/Publications, 1963
Leaks/Unauthorized Disclosures, 1957
National Information Policy, 1977
–By Administration, 1981
News Management/Press Agentry, 1958
Privatization, 1983
2.D. ISSUES (DIALOGUE)
FoI Movement, 1958
–FoI Groups, 1965
–FoI Hotlines, 1984
–FoI Principles, 1959
Privacy & Access, 1975
Security & Disclosure, 1958
3. FEDERAL EXECUTIVE BRANCH (US)
3.A. ACCESS STATUTES
Federal Government (Problems), 1947
–Roles in Communications, 1968
Access-Denying Statutes, 1971
Access-Granting Statutes, 1975
Administrative Procedures Act
of 1946 (5 U.S.C. 1002), 1962
–Bills to Amend 5 U.S.C. 1002, 1958
Classified Information Procedures Act of 1980 (PL96-456), 1979
–Graymail, 1987
Espionage Act of 1917 (18 U.S.C. 2388), 1947
Ethics in Government Act of 1978 (PL95-521), 1990
Federal Advisory Committee Act (PL92-463), 1972
–Federal Advisory Commission, 1976
Federal Records Act of 1950 (44 U.S.C. 2901 et seq.), 1978
Freedom of Information Act of 1966
(5 U.S.C. 1002), 1966
–Amendments, 1974
–Amendments, 1984 (CIA Information Act)
–Amendments, 1986
–Amendments, 1996 (EFOIA)
–Amendments, 1998 (Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act)
–Amendments, 1999 (Shelby Amendment)
–Efforts to Amend, 1972
–Exemptions, 1-9
–Fees, 1976
–Indexing, 1975
Government in the Sunshine Act (5 U.S.C. 552(b)), 1972
–Implementation, 1978
Housekeeping Statute (5 U.S.C. 22), 1958
Intelligence Identities Protection Act
of 1982 (PL 97-200), 1979
Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501), 1980
Presidential Records Act (44 U.S.C. 2201), 1978
Privacy Act of 1974 (5 U.S.C. 552(a)), 1974
–Privacy Commission, 1975
3.B. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS
Executive Departments, 1956
—Agriculture, 1960
—Commerce , 1961
—Census Bureau, 1960
—N.T.I.A., 1970
—Defense, 1955
–Censorship/Wartime Crises, 1959
–Control of Service Publications, 1967
–Pentagon Pool Coverage, 1984
—Education, 1981
—Energy, 1950
—Health & Human Services, 1982
—Food and Drug Administration, 1963
—Housing & Urban Development, 1975
—Interior, 1960
—Justice, 1958
—Drug Enforcement Administration, 1976
—Federal Bureau of Investigation, 1958
—Immigration & Naturalization Service, 1973
—Labor, 1960
—State, 1959
–International Media Fund, 1990
—Radio Free Asia, 1991
—Radio Free Europe, 1959
–Radio Liberty, 1962
–Radio/TV Marti, 1981
–Right to Travel, 1956
–Voice of America, 1959
—Transportation, 1968
—Federal Aviation Adminstration, 1961
—Treasury, 1959
–Cuban Travel Ban, 1982
–Customs/Obscenity & Sedition Control,1960
—Veterans Affairs, 1973
3.C. EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT
Executive Office of the President, 1961
Executive Privilege & Power, 1950
National Security Council, 1975
Office of Management and Budget, 1973
Office of the US Trade Representative, 1975
Presidential Press Conferences & Relations, 1951
–By Administration, 1950
Presidential Press Secretaries, 1959
3.D. INDEPENDENT REGULATORY AGENCIES
ACTION, 1981
Administrative Conference of the U.S., 1984
Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, 1984
Boards, Committees & Commissions, 1989
Central Intelligence Agency, 1959
Civil Aeronautics Board, 1959
Civil Service Commission, 1959
Commodities Futures Trading Commission,1982
Consumer Product Safety Commission, 1979
–Criticism of, 1953
Environmental Protection Agency, 1971
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission,1959
Export-Import Bank of the United States, 1981
Farm Credit Administration, 1975
Federal Communications Commission, 1958
–Advertising Controls, 1963
–Payola, 1959
–Cable T.V. (CATV), 1962
–Cable Communications Policy Act of 1984, 1981
–Cable Consumer Protection & Competition Act of 1992, 1991
–Must Carry Doctrine/Retransmission
Consent, 1985
–Clear Channel Stations, 1962
–Communications Act of 1934, 1960
—Telecommunications Act of 1996, 1994
–Telecommunications Policies, 1980
–Criticism of F.C.C., 1950
–Educational T.V., 1960
–Fairness Doctrine, 1952
–Financial Interest & Syndication Rules, 1982
–Licensing/Programming, 1964
–Lotteries, 1974
–Minority Licensing, 1975
–Major Networks/Controls, 1957
–Major Networks/Programming, 1962
–Fifty-Fifty Rule, 1963
–Hearings, 1962
–Option Time, 1959
–Prime Time Access, 1970
–Obscenity/Indecency, 1969
–Cable, 1975
–Personal Attacks, 1968
–Political Editorials, 1985
–Radio, 1976
–Public Radio, 1977
–Religious Broadcasting, 1972
–Section 315, 1955
–Efforts to Amend, Revise, 1959
–Political Debates, 1955
–Suspension/Presidential Campaigns, 1959
–Trafficking, 1961
Federal Deposit Insurance Corp./FSLIC, 1975
Federal Emergency Management Agency, 1980
Federal Housing Finance Board, 1975
Federal Maritime Commission, 1972
Federal Mediation & Conciliation Service, 1989
Federal Reserve System, 1985
Federal Trade Commission, 1957
–Advertising Regulations, 1955
General Services Administration, 1974
Internal Revenue Service, 1959
Interstate Commerce Commission, 1975
Merit System Protection Board, 1981
National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1960
National Archives & Records Administration, 1975
–Presidential Libraries, 1968
National Capitol Planning Commission, 1987
National Commission on Food Marketing, 1966
National Credit Union Administration, 1981
National Foundation on (Endowment for) the Arts & the Humanities, 1965
National Institutes of Health, 1987
National Labor Relations Board, 1964
National Mediation Board, 1975
National Science Foundation, 1973
National Security Agency, 1980
National Transportation Safety Board, 1968
Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 1975
Occupational Safety & Health Administration, 1971
Office of Personnel Management, 1982
Panama Canal Commission, 1975
Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation, 1975
Presidential Advisory Commission on Holocaust Assets in the US, 1999
Railroad Retirement Board, 1973
Resolution Trust Corporation, 1990
Securities & Exchange Commission, 1959
Selective Service Administration, 1966
Small Business Administration, 1975
Smithsonian Institution, 1993
Social Security Administration, 1935
Tennessee Valley Authority, 1975
US Arms Control & Disarmament Agency, 1987
US Information Agency, 1959
—National Endowment for Democracy, 1985
–Prestige Reports, 1960
US Institute of Peace, 1992
US International Trade Commission, 1989
US Postal Service, 1959
–Lotteries/Contests, 1959
–Obscenity Control, 1954
–Postal Rate Commission, 1975
–Second Class Mailing, 1957
4.CONGRESS (THOMAS (Library of Congress)
4.A. ACCESS
Congress/Access, 1955
—Electronic Coverage, 1955 (Link to C-Span with Real Video )
4.B. AGENCIES
General Accounting Office, 1959
Government Printing Office, 1969
Library of Congress, 1976
Office of Technology Assessment, 1989
4.C. COMMITTEES/SUBCOMMITTEES
Congressional Ethics Committees (Committee on Standards of Official Conduct), 1964
House & Senate Internal Security Committees, 1969
House Commerce Committee, 1966
House Judiciary Subcommittee on Civil & Contitutional Rights, 1988
House Subcommittee on Government Information
(Chaired by John Moss) 1955
Investigative Powers of Congress, 1955
Investigations of Communications Media, 1957
Oversight/Intelligence Committees, 1975
Senate Subcommittee on Constitutional Rights, 1955
Senate Subcommmittee on Patents, Trademarks & Copyrights, 1989
5. COURTS
5.A. CONTRACTS/TORTS
Contempt, 1950
Contracts/Advertising, 1957
–Right to Advertise, 1958
–Right to Refuse Advertising, 1966
Contracts/Torts (Dialogue), 1966
Copyright, 1953
–By Government Employees, 1960
–Cable TV, 1980
–Electronic & Digital, 1975
–In Advertising, 1958
–In the News, 1958
–International, 1967
–National Film Preservation, 1986
–Procedure, 1984
Liability, 1980
–Promissory Estoppel, 1992
Libel/Alternatives, 1983
–“Chilling Effect”, 1957
–Criminal Defamation, 1956
–Group Libel, 1958
–Product Liability Laws, 1990
–Seditious Libel, 1955
–Defamation (Civil), 1949
–Broadcast Defamation, 1957
–Defamation By Implication/False
Impression, 1989
–Defaming the Dead, 1962
–Journalists/Media as Plaintiffs, 1959
–Uniform Defamation Act, 1990
–Digital, 1994
–Headline, 1958
–International, 1956
–Privilege (Constitutional), 1956
–Fair Comment/Journalists’ Privilege, 1956
–Opinion, 1961
–Reform Proposals, 1980
–Retraction, 1957
Obscenity/Pornography, 1959
–Commissions & Committees, 1967
Privacy (Dialogue), 1953
–Emotional Distress, 1989
–Privacy Law, 1960
–Right of Publicity, 1965
Privileged Communications, 1967
Trademarks & Patents, 1953
5.B. JURISDICTIONS (CRITICISM)
Supreme Court, 1957
Other Federal Courts, 1959
State Courts, 1955
–Missouri Courts, 1963
Lesser Courts, 1977
Juvenile Courts, 1954
–Naming Juveniles, 1956
Grand Juries, 1958
5.C. RESTRAINTS/INJUNCTIONS
Electronic Access, Federal Courts, 1965
Electronic Access, State Courts, 1955
–Canon 35, 1935
–RTNDA Surveys, 1984
Injunctions/Prior Restraints, 1961
Post Trial Access, 1988
–Access to Jurors, 1983
Pre-Trial Access/Publicity, 1954
–Restrictive (Gag) Orders, 1974
Sixth Amendment (Dialogue), 1959
–Fair Trial vs. Free Press, 1955
Trial Access/Publicity, 1974
–Mistrials, 1962
6. STATE GOVERNMENT
6.A. ENTITIES
Caucuses/Conventions, 1961
Conservation Department, 1990
Corrections Department, 1996
Education Department, 1960
Executive Office & Privilege/Separation
of Powers, 1962
Insurance, 1999
Legislature, 1966
–Committees, 1959
–Electronic Coverage, 1964
Regulatory Agencies, 1961
Revenue, DMV, 1989
Welfare, Social Services, 1959
6.B. STATUTES/REGULATIONS
Access to Meetings/Records By States, 1955
–Dialogue, 1954
Advertising Regulations, 1957
–Liquor, 1958
–Outdoor, 1958
–Political, 1958
–Professional Limitations, 1957
–Law, 1976
–Medicine, 1976
–Taxes on Advertising, 1957
Anti-Bias Regulations, 1959
–Women, 1970
Employee/Community Right to Know, 1978
–Sex Offenders Registry, 1994
Equal Space/Right of Reply, 1966
–Advertorials, 1969
–Cable, Public Access, 1971
–Corrective Advertising, 1969
–Signed Editorials, 1960
Financial Disclosure By Candidates, 1959
–Employees, 1990
–Lobbyists, 1959
Lists, 1971
Obscenity/Pornography, 1957
Privacy, 1975
Public Notices/Legals/Definitions of a
Newspaper, 1953
Shield Laws/Newsgathering Privilege, 1956
–Subpoena of Reporter’s Materials, 1961
Son of Sam Laws, 1985
Subversion/Sedition, 1959
–Post Office, 1960
–Smith Act of 1948, 1958
Taping, 1963
Taxes on Publications, 1956
Uniform Information Practices Code, 1980
7. LOCAL GOVERNMENT
7.A. AGENCIES
Assessor, 1964
City Council/City Manager/Mayor, 1959
Computer Records, 1967
Coroner/Medical Examiner, 1965
Destruction of Records, 1975
Federal Agencies, Local Offices, 1963
Hospital/Hospital Boards, 1961
Justice of the Peace, 1959
Nursing Homes, 1972
Parole Boards, 1978
Personal Records, 1971
–Employment, 1985
—Fair Credit Reporting Act, 1971 — pdf file/190 KB
–Fair Information Practices Acts, 1981
— By States
—Family Educational Right to Privacy Act, 1972
–Medical, 1965
–Tests, 1964
Police Departments, 1956
–Arrest Records/Blotters, 1953
Prison, 1959
–Electronic Coverage of Executions, 1976
Probate Court, 1967
Public Agencies/Authorities/Commissions, 1961
School Board, 1959
Sheriff’s Office, 1960
Vital Statistics, 1959
–Adoption Records, 1972
7.B. ORDINANCES
Access to Meetings & Records, 1955
–Local Access Directories
Crisis Scenes/Trespass, 1961
Loitering/Littering/Handbill/Anti-Picketing, 1959
Newsracks/Vending Machines, 1981
Obscenity/Pornography, 1959
Polling Places, 1967
Private/Semi-Private Places, 1970
8. INSTITUTIONS/QUANGOS
8.A. BUSINESS, 1959
8.B. COLLEGES/UNIVERSITIES
–Campus Crime Reports, 1988
–College Sports, 1964
–Athletes’ Graduation Rates, 1988
8.C. LABOR, 1959
–Teacher Employee Bargaining, 1965
8.D. LAW, 1963
8.E. LIBRARIES, 1961
–Information Retrieval, 1961
8.F. MEDIA, ALTERNATIVE, 1974
–Broadcast Stations, 1965
–Newspaper, 1974
–Religion, 1959
–Underground Press, 1967
8.G. MEDICINE, 1957
8.H. QUANGOS, 1974
8.I. SCIENCE, 1957
9. MEDIA CONTROLS (INTERNAL)
9.A. INDUSTRIES (ECONOMIC)
Advertising, 1958
–Digital, 1994
Book, 1962
Cable T.V., 1969
–Advertising Pressures, 1965
–Franchising, 1964
–News Channels, 1965
–Pay Per View/Premium Channels, 1957
–Two-Way (Internet), 1969
–Videotex/Audiotex/Minitel, 1964
Magazine, 1959
–Advertising Pressures, 1960
–Circulation, 1961
–Digital, 1993
–Establishment/Suspension, 1950
Movie, 1960
Newspaper, 1951
–Advertising Pressures, 1959
–Carrier/Distribution, 1959
–Circulation, 1960
–Expansion/Suburban Growth, 1960
–Audiotext, 1989
–Community Press, 1978
–Digital, 1993
–Fax, 1989
–Merger/Monopoly/Suspension, 1955
–Newsprint, 1955
Public Broadcasting, 1965
Radio, AM, 1960
–Advertising Pressures, 1993
–DAB, 1990
–FM, 1962
Television (Network) Broadcasting, 1959
–Advertising Sponsor Pressures, 1959
–D-Net, 1994
–Fifth Network, 1989
–Fourth Network, 1959
–High Definition TV (HDTV), 1981
–Independent TV (INTV), 1989
–Low Power TV (LPTV), 1981
–Merger/Monopoly/Suspension, 1961
–Satellite Transmission, 1968
–KU Band, 1985
–Ultra High Frequency (UHF), 1960
Theater, 1961
9.B. MEDIA (ECwONOMIC)
Media, 1958
–Diversification/Expansion, 1960
–Technology Effects, 1985
–Video Cassette Recorder (VCR), 1970
Merger/Monopoly, 1960
–Communications Anti-Trust Suits, 1955
–Cross-Ownership, 1959
–Exclusivity/Syndication, 1973
–Newspaper Preservation Act (JOA), 1968
–Multimedia/Digital, 1993
Outside Economic Pressures, 1987
Pool Coverage, 1957
Professional Status of Journalists, 1965
Strikes/Collective Bargaining, 1958
Wire Services, 1961
9.C. ETHICS (DIALOGUE) & SELF REGULATION
Ethics (Dialogue), 1961
–Bribery, 1959
–By the CIA, 1974
–Codes, 1959
–Conflict of Interest, 1963
–Criminal Coverage Codes, 1964
–By States
–Dilemmas of Coverage, 1976
–Dismissal of Personnel, 1957
–Gray Areas, 1962
–Rape, 1975
–Stolen Property, 1966
Self Regulation of the Media, 1977
–Advertising, 1959
–Infomercial, s1989
–National Advertising Review Board, 1972
–Book, 1955
–Cable TV, 1989
–Magazine, 1960
–Movie, 1959
–Newspaper, 1957
–News Ombudsmen, 1966
–Photography, 1956
–Radio, 1959
–Television, 1957
–Advertising Acceptance, 1958
10. MEDIA CONTROLS (EXTERNAL)
10.A. INDUSTRIES/RELATED AGENCIES (CRITICISM)
Advertising, 1947
–Consumer Protection, 1962
–Green Marketing, 1990
–Minority Coverage, 1968
–Women, 1972
–Product Placement, 1990
Book, 1959
Cable Television, 1971
Foundation Support, 1966
Lobbies/Public Relations/Opinion Agencies, 1959
–Climate of Opinion, 1958
–Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, 1963
–Political Polls, 1960
–Ratings Surveys/Polls, 1959
Magazine, 1956
–Advertising, 1961
–Censorship, 1959
–Minority Coverage, 1969
–Women, 1970
Movie, 1959
–Criticism, 1967
–Censorship, 1957
–Classification, 1967
Music, 1985
Newspaper, 1944
–Accuracy/Bias/Credibility/Depth, 1958
–Advocacy Journalism, 1967
–Content/News Evaluation, 1955
–Minority Coverage, 1961
–Women, 1963
–Obscenity, 1970
–Printer as Censor, 1968
–Political Coverage, 1958
–Reaction to Criticism, 1961
–Supermarketing, 1980
–Trivia, 1959
–TV Views the News, 1962
Radio, 1959
–Minority Coverage, 1968
–News/Public Affairs, 1960
–Talk Shows, 1960
Schools of Journalism, 1921
–Other Schools, 1984
–Schools Abroad, 1963
Television, 1957
–Accuracy/Bias/Credibility/Depth, 1972
–Achievement, 1959
–Advertising, 1959
–Effects on Children, 1977
–FCC Hearings, 1979
–Documentaries, 1981
–Effects on Children, 1958
–Minority Coverage, 1968
–Women, 1964
–News/Public Affairs, 1960
–Political Coverage, 1967
–Broadcast Political Advertising, 1963
–Sports Coverage, 1959
–Violence/Sex, 1959
Textbooks/Assigned Reading/Curriculum, 1962
–Classroom TV, 1993
Theater/Performing Arts/Visual Arts, 1961
–National Endowments for the Arts/Humanities, 1963
10.B. MEDIA (CRITICISM)
Accuracy, Bias, Credibility, Depth, 1961
Business Coverage, 1965
Checkbook Journalism, 1972
Consumer Information Coverage, 1971
Crime Coverage, 1958
Critical Journalism Reviews, 1961
Critics, 1958
Ecology Coverage, 1969
Effects on Children, 1959
Image of US Abroad, 1958
International Correspondents, 1960
International News Handling by US Media, 1959
Media, 1951
Minority Coverage, 1965
–Women, 1967
News Blackouts, 1984
News Management/Staging/Fabrication, 1967
Patronage, 1959
Political Coverage, 1976
–Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971
–Efforts to Amend
–Federal Election Commission, 1975
–Leftist Movement, 1964
–Racial Conflict Coverage, 1965
–Rightist Movement, 1961
Religious Coverage, 1993
Senior Coverage, 1975
Violence, 1962
Washington Correspondents/Press Corps, 1973
Wire Services, 1961
11. ORGANIZATIONS
Accuracy in Media/Academia, 1971
Advertising Council, 1958
Advertising Research Foundation, 1960
AEJMC, 1957
AFL/CIO, 1959
American Advertising Federation, 1959
American Association of Advertising Agencies, 1961
American Bar Association, 1959
American Civil Liberties Union, 1967
Academic Freedom Committee, 1967
–Communications Media Committee, 1971
–Mid-Missouri Chapter, 1967
American Film Institute, 1965
American Library Association, 1953
–Intellectual Freedom Committee, 1963
American Press Institute, 1955
American/Canadian Societies of Access Professionals (ASAP, CSAP), 1981
American Society of Newspaper Editors, 1955
American Textbook Publishers Institute, 1963
American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committtee, 1989
Amnesty International, 1977
Anti-Defamation League, 1959
Article 19, 1987
Asian-American Journalists Association, 1993
Asian Broadcasting Union, 1969
Asian Mass Communication Research & Information, 1971
Asociacion Inter-Americana de Radiodifusion, 1961
Association of Electronic Journalists, 1956
Aspen Institute, 1971
Associated Press, 1961
–Managing Editors Association, 1958
–FoI Committee Reports, 1957
Association of American Publishers, 1960
Audit Bureau of Circulations, 1984
British Commonwealth Press Union, 1961
Cable TV Information Center, 1972
Center for Advanced Television Studies, 1974
Center for Communication, 1986
Center for Defense Information, 1972
Center for Governmental Responsibility, 1974
Center for Investigative Reporting, 1980
Center for Media & Public Affairs, 1987
Center for Media Education, 1994
Center for National Security Studies, 1975
Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions, 1958
Center for War, Peace and the News Media, 1989
Centre de Formation des Journalistes, 1963
Challenge Groups, 1969 — Link to Listing of Political Advocacy Groups at California State University
Christic Institute, 1987
CIES-PAL, 1962
Citizen’s Councils, 1958
Citizen Group Pressures/General, 1954
Citizens for Decent Literature, 1959
Coalition on Government Information, 1986
College Media Advisers, 1963
Commission on Freedom of Speech, 1986
Committee of Concerned Journalists, 1998
Committee to Protect Journalists, 1981
Common Cause, 1971
Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility, 1994
Council for Periodic Distributors Association, 1965
Council of State Governments, 1981
Cultural Environmental Movement, 1996
Data Center, 1987
Deutsche Journalisten Union, 1961
East-West Communications Institute, 1973
Fairness & Accuracy in Reporting, 1986
Fairness in Media, 1985
Feminists For Free Expression, 1992
FIEJ, 1961
First Amendment Congress, 1980
First Amendment Center, 1987
Freedom Forum, 1991
Freedom House, 1973
Freedom of Information Center, 1958
Freedom of Information Clearinghouse, 1976 (Registration is required for accessing the page)
Freedom of Information Service, 1976
Fund for Investigative Journalism, 1976
Fund for Open Information & Accountability, Inc., 1982
Fund for the Republic, 1958
Gannett Center for Media Studies (Freedom Forum), 1987
Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation, 1993
Group Research, Inc. 1965
Human Rights Watch, 1992
Inland Daily Press Association, 1959
Institute for Communication Research, 1962
Institute for First Amendment Studies, 1994
Chartered Institute of Journalists, 1961
Intellectual Freedom Committee
Inter-American Association of Broadcasters, 1960
Inter-American Federation of Working Newspapermen, 1960
Inter American Press Association, 1957
International Broadcast Institute, 1967
International Broadcasting Society, 1985
International Consortium of Investigative Journalists, 1998
International Federation of Free Journalists, 1958
International Federation of Journalists, 1952
International FoI Commission, 1979
International Institute of Communications, 1977
International Organization of Journalists, 1972
International Press Institute, 1959
International Telecommunications Union, 1959
Investigative Reporters & Editors, 1976
Legis 50, 1968
Liberty Lobby/Institute for Historical Review, 1974
Magazine Publishers Association, 1958
Massachusetts Advocacy Center, 1974
Media Institute, 1987
Media Research Center, 1990
Mid-America Press Institute, 1969
Minority Group Pressures, 1949
Miscellaneous Associations, 1959
Morality in Media, 1970
Motion Picture Association of America, 1968
National Association for Better Broadcasting, 1970
National Association of Black Journalist, 1985
National Association of Broadcasters, 1959
National Association of Hispanic Journalist, 1992
National Association of TV-Radio Announcers, 1968
National Audience Board, 1960
National Cable TV Association, 1972
National Catholic Office for Motion Pictures, 1959
National Citizens Committee for Broadcasting, 1968
National Coalition Against Censorship, 1975
National Community Television Association, 1965
National Conference of Editorial Writers, 1965
National Conference of State Legislators, 1977
National Endowment for Democracy, 1985
National Lesbian & Gay Journalists Association, 1992
National Newspaper Association, 1957
National Office for Decent Literature, 1955
National Press Photographers Association, 1959
National Security Archive, 1986
National Telemedia Council, 1983
National Union of Journalists, 1965
New Directions for News, 1988
New England Society of Newspaper Editors, 1959
Newspaper Association Managers, 1958
Newspaper Association of America, 1992
Newspaper Guild, 1956
Newspaper Public Information Committee, 1965
Nieman Fellowships, 1959
Oakland Media Group, 1974
OMB Watch, 1987
Organization of News Ombudsmen, 1986
Overseas Press Club, 1959
Parent-Teacher Association, 1965
People for the American Way, 1981
Press Councils, (US), 1959
–Minnesota News Council, 1970
Press Information Center, 1973
Project Censored, 1977
Project for Excellence in Journalism, 1998
ProMedia Rex, 1999
Public Citizen, 1972
Public Radio News Directors, 1986
Pulitzer Prize, 1959
Religious Group Pressures, 1963
Reporters’ Committee for Freedom of the Press, 1972
Reporters sans Frontieres, 1992
Right to Read Groups, 1965
Security on Campus, 1995
Society of Magazine Writers, 1961
Society of Professional Journalists, 1953
–First Amendment Center, 1985
–FoI Committee Annual Reports, 1963
–Model Access Statute
Southern Education Reporting Service, 1959
Southern Newspaper Publishers Assn , 1959
Speech Association of America, 1968
Student Press Law Center, 1976
Suburban Press Foundation, 1961
Telecommunications Consumer Coalition, 1978
Thomas Jefferson Center for Protection of Free Expression, 1989
United Church of Christ, 1969
United Nations, 1949
–Commission on Human Rights, 1958
–FoI Draft Convention, 1953
—Unesco, 1951
United Press International, 1962
War & Peace Foundation, 1992
Washington Journalism Center, 1972
Western Newspaper Foundation, 1973
Wildmon Groups, 1977
Women in Communications, 1984
World Press Freedom Committee, 1973
Writers Guild of America, 1989